Everything about Paul M Nurse totally explained
Sir Paul Maxime Nurse,
FRS (b.
January 25,
1949) is a
British biochemist. He was awarded the
2001 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with
Leland H. Hartwell and
R. Timothy Hunt for their discoveries regarding
cell cycle regulation by
cyclin and
cyclin dependent kinases.
Nurse's parents came from
Norfolk. He was born and raised in
Wembley, in north-west
London, and was educated at
Harrow County Grammar School for Boys. He received his
undergraduate degree in
1970 from the
University of Birmingham and his
PhD in
1973 from the
University of East Anglia. Beginning in
1976, Nurse identified the gene
cdc2 in
yeast (
Schizosaccharomyces pombe). This gene controls the progression of the cell cycle from
G1 phase to
S phase and the transition from
G2 phase to
mitosis. In
1987, Nurse identified the homologous gene in human,
CDK1, which codes for a
cyclin dependent kinase.
In
1984, Nurse joined the
Imperial Cancer Research Fund (ICRF, now named the Cancer Research UK
London Research Institute). He left in 1988 to chair the department of microbiology at the
University of Oxford. He then returned to the ICRF as Director of Research in 1993, and in 1996 was named Director General of the ICRF, which became the Cancer Research UK
London Research Institute in 2002. In 2003, he became president of
Rockefeller University in
New York City where he continues to work on the cell cycle of fission yeast.
In addition to the Nobel Prize, Nurse has received numerous awards and honours. In 1989, he became a fellow of the
Royal Society and in 1995 he received a
Royal Medal and became a foreign associate of the U.S.
National Academy of Sciences. He received the
Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research in 1998. Nurse was
knighted in 1999. He was awarded the French
Legion d'Honneur in 2002. He was also awarded the
Copley Medal in
2005. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the
American Academy of Arts and Sciences one of the top honours in April 2006.
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